Effect of Varnish XT and ICON resin infiltration treatment on the microhardness of white spot lesions

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.47.017

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In the treatment of early caries, fluoride can be used for remineralization of white spot lesions. Varnish XT (durable fluoride-releasing coating) and ICON penetration resins are two new materials. Varnish XT as a new type of resin reinforced glass ionomer can be selected as mineralized material. ICON penetration resin is a high-permeability resin with good liquidity that can infiltrate by capillary action into the pores created by enamel demineralization. Low-viscosity resin is used to replace the lost hard tissue due to demineralization and occupy the micropores, so as to fill the region of enamel demineralization and prevent further development of lesions.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of two minimally invasive surgical treatment materials, Varnish XT and ICON penetrating resin, on the microhardness of enamel caries white spot.
METHODS: Totally 100 incisors of cows were selected, embedded with ethoxyline resin and polished. The lip side facing down served as the observation side. An area of at least 6 mm×10 mm on the enamel face was exposed, and there were five regions from incisal to dental cervix, A, B, C, D, E. After demineralization liquid for artificial caries, no treatment was adopted in region A, treatment with Varnish XT was for region B, treatment with ICON penetrating resin for region C, treatment with fluoride for region D, and region E was sealed with antacid nail. Surface micro-hardness was detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After demineralization, surface micro-hardness of regions A, B, C, D decreases remarkably as compared with region E (P < 0.05). Surface micro-hardness of regions B, C, D was higher than that of region A, and ranged as follows: C > B and D for surface micro-hardness with statistical significance (P < 0.05). There was no statistical significance of surface micro-hardness between regions B and D (P > 0.05). ICON resin infiltration, Varnish XT and fluoride have obvious improvement effects on surface micro-hardness, and ICON resin infiltration is superior to Varnish XT and fluoride.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

全文链接：

Key words: dental enamel, dental caries, hardness, osmosis

CLC Number:

R318

Guo Jing, Zhao Xiao-yi, Wu Pei-ling. Effect of Varnish XT and ICON resin infiltration treatment on the microhardness of white spot lesions[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2014, 18(47): 7638-7642.

Figures/Tables 1

References

[1] Torres CR, Borges AB, Torres LM, et al. Effect of caries infiltration technique and fluoride therapy on the colour masking of white spot lesions. J Dent. 2011;39(3):202-207.
[2] Ekstrand KR, Bakhshandeh A, Martignon S. Treatment of proximal superficial caries lesions on primary molar teeth with resin infiltration and fluoride varnish versus fluoride varnish only: efficacy after 1 year. Caries Res. 2010;44(1):41-46.
[3] Calvo AFB, Tabchoury CPM, Del Bel Cury AA, et al. Effect of acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application time on enamel demineralization of deciduous and permanent teeth. Caries Res. 2012;46(1):31-37.
[4] Fong H, Dickens SH, Flaim GM. Evaluation of dental restorative composites con-taining polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane methacrylate. Dent Mater. 2005;21(6): 520-529.
[5] Shajii L, Santerre JP. Effect of filler content on the profile of released biodegradation products in micro-filled bis-GMA/ TEGDMA dental composite resins. Biomaterials. 1999; 20(2):1897-1908.
[6] Ana PA, Tabchoury CP, Cury JA, et al. Effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser and professional fluoride application on enamel demineralization and on fluoride retention. Caries Res. 2012; 46(5):441-451.
[7] Wegehaupt FJ, Taubock TT, Stillhard A, et al. Influence of extra-and intra-oral application of CPP-ACP andfluoride on re-hardening of eroded enamel. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. 2012;70(3):177-183.
[8] Herkstroter FM, Witjes M, Rub en J, et al. Time dependency of microhardness indentations in human enamel. Caries Res. 1989;23(5):342.
[9] Haroula KK, Eleni MH, Iliana D. An in vitro study of the effect of aluminum and the combined effect of strontium, aluminum, and fluoride elements on early enamel carious lesions. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2012;147(1-3):418-427.
[10] Sun LL, Liang SS, Sa Y, et al. Surface alteration of human tooth enamel subjected to acidicand neutral 30% hydrogen peroxide. J Dent. 2011;39(10):686-692.
[11] Paris S, Meyer-Lueckel H, Mueller J. Progression of sealed initial bovine enamel lesions under demineralizing conditions in vitro. Caries Res. 2006;40(2):124-129.
[12] 郑铁丽,黄翠,张智星,等.离体牙储存方式对牙本质黏结剂微拉伸强度的影响[J].上海口腔医学,2005,14(2):147-150.
[13] 石旭旭,常靓,邹高峰,等.金属基底冠边缘的适合性：2种制作方法比较[J].中国组织工程研究,2014,18(25):4014-4019.
[14] 刘烨,陈溯,张振庭.含氟酪蛋白磷酸肽-磷酸钙复合物对牙齿耐磨性的影响[J].北京口腔医学,2012,20(2):74-76.
[15] 王冠华,李燕妮,姚晖,等.OCT检测人离体牙根部早期脱矿的实验研究[J].医学研究杂志,2010,39(9):36-39.
[16] 隋小玲,刘源,杨燃,等.奥乐V护牙剂对早期釉质龋再矿化作用的研究[J].华西口腔医学杂志,2013,31(2):141-144, 149.
[17] Wiegand A, Stawarczyk B, Kolakovic M, et al. Adhesive performance of a caries infiltrant on sound and demineralised enamel. J Dent. 2010;39(2):117-121.
[18] Gray GB, Shellis P. Infiltration of resin into white spot carieslike lesions of enamel: an in vitrostudy. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent. 2002;10(1):27-32.
[19] 范旭升,李志华,石慧,等.模拟口腔环境下温控型镍钛弓丝力学性能的实验研究[J].华西口腔医学杂志,2012,30(2):217-220.
[20] 李盛楠,李晓婷,马超,等.正畸患者龋齿发生倾向及其预防方法研究进展[J].中华临床医师杂志,2013,7(4):1706-1708.
[21] Lovror S, Hertrich K, Hirschfelder U. Enamel demineralization during fixed orthodontic treatment-incidence and correlation to various oral-hygiene parameters. J Orofac Orthop. 2007; 68(5):353-363.
[22] Leeuw NH. Resisting the onset of hydroxyapatite dissolution through the incorporation of fluoride. J Phys Chem. 2003; 108(6):1809-1811.
[23] 朱昞,李继遥,郝玉庆,等.口腔生物膜动态研究模型的建立和应用评价[J].上海口腔医学,2010,19(1):60-65.
[24] 楚金普,周学东.人牙与牛牙用于人工龋损实验的比较病理学观察[J].实验动物与比较医学,2014,34(3):176-180.
[25] Paris S, Schwendicke F, Sedding S, et al. Micro-hardness and mineral loss of enamel lesions after infiltration with various resins: influence infiltrant composition and ap-plication frequency in vitro. J Dent. 2013;41(6):543-548.
[26] 刘建华,胡征,韩继双,等.渗透树脂对早期龋齿的渗透研究[J].成都医学院学报,2012, 7(2):264-265.
[27] Amaral CM, Castro AKBB, Pimenta LAF, et al. Effect of techniques of composite resin insertion and polymerization on microleakage and microhardness. Pesqui Odontol Bras. 2002; 16(3):257-262.
[28] Souza ROA, Ozcan M, Michida SMA, et al. Conversion degree of indirect resin composites and effect of thermocycling on their physical properties. J Prosthodont. 2010;19(3):218-225.
[29] Ten CJ. Current concepts on the theories of the mechanism of action of fluoride. Acta Odontol Scand. 1999;57(6):325-329.
[30] Kutsch VK, Chaiyabutr Y, Milicich G. Reconsidering remineralization strategies to include nanoparticle hydroxyapatite. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2013;34(3): 170-177.
[31] Mei ML, Chu CH, Low KH, et al. Caries arresting effect of silver diamine fluoride on dentine carious lesion with S. mutans and L. acidophilus dual-species cariogenic biofilm. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2013;18(6):e824-831.
[32] Mohammed NR, Kent NW, Lynch RJ, et al. Effects of fluoride on in vitro enamel demineralization analyzed by ¹?F MAS-NMR. Caries Res. 2013;47(5):421-428.
[33] Loskill P, Zeitz C, Grandthyll S, et al. Reduced adhesion of oral bacteria on hydroxyapatite by fluoride treatment. Langmuir. 2013;29(18):5528-5533.
[34] Liu Y, Hsu CY, Teo CM, et al. Potential mechanism for the laser-fluoride effect on enamel demineralization. J Dent Res. 2013;92(1):71-75.
[35] Hariri I, Sadr A, Nakashima S, et al. Estimation of the enamel and dentin mineral content from the refractive index. Caries Res. 2013;47(1):18-26.
[36] Lippert F. Dose-response effects of zinc and fluoride on caries lesion remineralization. Caries Res. 2012;46(1):62-68.
[37] Lippert F, Butler A, Lynch RJ, et al. Effect of fluoride, lesion baseline severity and mineral distribution on lesion progression. Caries Res. 2012;46(1):23-30.
[38] Shiiya T, Mukai Y, Ten Cate JM, et al. The caries-reducing benefit of fluoride-release from dental restorative materials continues after fluoride-release has ended. Acta Odontol Scand. 2012;70(1):15-20.
[39] Tschoppe P, Meyer-Lueckel H. Mineral distribution of artificial dentinal caries lesions after treatment with fluoride agents in combination with saliva substitutes. Arch Oral Biol. 2011;56(8): 775-784.
[40] Najibfard K, Ramalingam K, Chedjieu I, et al. Remineralization of early caries by a nano-hydroxyapatite dentifrice. J Clin Dent. 2011;22(5):139-143.
[41] Poggio C, Lombardini M, Colombo M, et al. Impact of two toothpastes on repairing enamel erosion produced by a soft drink: an AFM in vitro study. J Dent. 2010;38(11):868-874.
[42] 赵晓一,高学军.渗透树脂治疗对釉质白斑样病损颜色的影响[J].华西口腔医学杂志,2014,32(3):306-309.
[43] 赵晓一,高学军.渗透树脂治疗对人工釉质龋表面微硬度影响的研究[J].牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志,2014,24(8):455-458.